I bought a 4 gb usb (spinning) disk. it mounts fine on winblows 10 on ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS crickets. I kind of think I have used other (smaller) exfat usb disks with no problems. i went through several sets of instructions for installing exfat support, none did anything. gparted shows it as all unallocated. does that mean it has a different partiton table format? can I add that to ubuntu, or should I just allocate and format with gparted? (as what? seeking an answer for this) console from my attempts is below another question: what do I need to do in the script command to get a file thaT LOOKS like I did in unix, something that looks just like my terminal, not all this other cr*p (and not including all the "[c" that i edited out). Script started on 2024-10-23 07:47:35-05:00 [TERM="xterm-256color" TTY="/dev/pts/13" COLUMNS="80" LINES="24"][?2004h]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ sudo -[K[7msudo apt-get install exfat-fuse exfat-utils[27m[Asudo apt-get install exfat-fuse exfat-utils[1P[1P[1P[1P[1P[?2004l[sudo] password for careyschug: Reading package lists... 0%Reading package lists... 100%Reading package lists... DoneBuilding dependency tree... 0%Building dependency tree... 0%Building dependency tree... 50%Building dependency tree... 50%Building dependency tree... DoneReading state information... 0% Reading state information... 0%Reading state information... DonePackage exfat-utils is not available, but is referred to by another package.This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, oris only available from another sourceE: Package 'exfat-utils' has no installation candidate[?2004h]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [7msudo add-apt-repository ppa:arter97/exfat-linux[27msudo add-apt-repository ppa:arter97/exfat-linux[?2004lRepository: 'deb https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/arter97/exfat-linux/ubuntu/ jammy main'Description:Production-ready exFAT kernel module for Linux.https://github.com/arter97/exfat-linuxMore info: https://launchpad.net/~arter97/+archive/ubuntu/exfat-linuxAdding repository.Press [ENTER] to continue or Ctrl-c to cancel.Adding deb entry to /etc/apt/sources.list.d/arter97-ubuntu-exfat-linux-jammy.listAdding disabled deb-src entry to /etc/apt/sources.list.d/arter97-ubuntu-exfat-linux-jammy.listAdding key to /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/arter97-ubuntu-exfat-linux.gpg with fingerprint 71D641738AA0BEA26DA949516BA7349C5FD45AE10% [Working] Hit:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease0% [Waiting for headers] onnecting to ppa.launchpadcontent.net] onnected to Get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease [129 kB]0% [Waiting for headers] [2 InRelease 1,120 B/129 kB 1%] onnecting to ppa.lau Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease [128 kB]0% [3 InRelease 12.5 kB/128 kB 10%] [2 InRelease 14.0 kB/129 kB 11%] onnectin Get:4 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_14.x jammy InRelease [4,563 B]0% [3 InRelease 46.8 kB/128 kB 37%] [2 InRelease 48.2 kB/129 kB 37%] onnectin0% [3 InRelease 46.8 kB/128 kB 37%] [2 InRelease 51.1 kB/129 kB 40%] onnectin0% [3 InRelease 128 kB/128 kB 100%] onnected to ppa.launchpadcontent.net (2620% [Waiting for headers] onnected to ppa.launchpadcontent.net (2620:2d:4000:1 Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease [127 kB]0% [5 InRelease 5,404 B/127 kB 4%] onnected to ppa.launchpadcontent.net (26200% [5 InRelease 127 kB/127 kB 100%] onnected to ppa.launchpadcontent.net (2620% onnected to ppa.launchpadcontent.net (2620:2d:4000:1::81)] [Waiting for he 0% [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers] Get:6 https://esm.ubuntu.com/apps/ubuntu jammy-apps-security InRelease [7,553 B]0% [Waiting for headers] [6 InRelease 7,553 B/7,553 B 100%] 0% [Waiting for headers] Get:7 https://esm.ubuntu.com/apps/ubuntu jammy-apps-updates InRelease [7,456 B]0% [Waiting for headers] [7 InRelease 7,456 B/7,456 B 100%] 0% [Waiting for headers]0% [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers] Ign:8 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/arter97/exfat-linux/ubuntu jammy InRelease0% [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers] Get:9 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [43.1 kB]0% [9 Components-amd64 1,630 B/43.1 kB 4%] [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for h 0% [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers]0% [9 Components-amd64 store 0 B] [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers] [ 0% [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers] Get:10 https://esm.ubuntu.com/infra/ubuntu jammy-infra-security InRelease [7,450 B]0% [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers] [10 InRelease 7,450 B/7,450 B 10 0% [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers] Get:11 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/restricted amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [208 B]0% [11 Components-amd64 208 B/208 B 100%] [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for he 0% [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers] Get:12 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [126 kB]0% [12 Components-amd64 5,503 B/126 kB 4%] [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for h0% [11 Components-amd64 store 0 B] [12 Components-amd64 5,503 B/126 kB 4%] [Wai0% [12 Components-amd64 9,787 B/126 kB 8%] [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for h Err:13 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/arter97/exfat-linux/ubuntu jammy Release 404 Not Found [IP: 2620:2d:4000:1::81 443] 0% [12 Components-amd64 76.9 kB/126 kB 61%] [Waiting for headers] 0% [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers] Get:14 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/multiverse amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [208 B]0% [12 Components-amd64 store 0 B] [Waiting for headers]0% [12 Components-amd64 store 166 kB] [Waiting for headers] 0% [Waiting for headers]0% [14 Components-amd64 store 0 B] [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers] 0% [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers] Get:15 https://esm.ubuntu.com/infra/ubuntu jammy-infra-updates InRelease [7,449 B]0% [Waiting for headers] [15 InRelease 7,449 B/7,449 B 100%] 0% [Waiting for headers] Get:16 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main i386 Packages [712 kB]0% [16 Packages 5,473 B/712 kB 1%] 0% [Working]0% [16 Packages store 0 B] Get:17 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 Packages [2,112 kB]0% [16 Packages store 0 B] [17 Packages 2,615 B/2,112 kB 0%]0% [16 Packages store 0 B] [17 Packages 788 kB/2,112 kB 37%] 0% [16 Packages store 0 B] [Waiting for headers] Get:18 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [103 kB]0% [16 Packages store 0 B] [18 Components-amd64 24.8 kB/103 kB 24%] 0% [16 Packages store 0 B] Get:19 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [212 B]0% [16 Packages store 0 B] [19 Components-amd64 212 B/212 B 100%] 0% [16 Packages store 0 B] [Waiting for headers] Get:20 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [356 kB]0% [16 Packages store 0 B] [20 Components-amd64 16.4 kB/356 kB 5%] Get:21 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/multiverse amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [940 B] 0% [16 Packages store 0 B] [Waiting for headers] 0% [Waiting for headers]0% [17 Packages store 0 B] [Waiting for headers] Get:22 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [5,324 B]0% [17 Packages store 0 B] [22 Components-amd64 4,048 B/5,324 B 76%] 0% [17 Packages store 0 B] Get:23 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/restricted amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [212 B]0% [17 Packages store 0 B] [Waiting for headers] Get:24 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/universe amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [23.1 kB]0% [17 Packages store 0 B] [24 Components-amd64 23.1 kB/23.1 kB 100%] 0% [17 Packages store 0 B] Get:25 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports/multiverse amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [212 B]0% [17 Packages store 0 B]0% [17 Packages store 0 B]0% [17 Packages store 0 B] 0% [Working]0% [18 Components-amd64 store 0 B]0% [18 Components-amd64 store 0 B] 0% [Working]0% [Working]0% [20 Components-amd64 store 0 B]99% [20 Components-amd64 store 0 B] 100% [Working]100% [21 Components-amd64 store 0 B] 100% [Working]100% [22 Components-amd64 store 0 B] 100% [Working]100% [23 Components-amd64 store 0 B] 100% [Working]100% [24 Components-amd64 store 0 B] 100% [Working]100% [25 Components-amd64 store 0 B] 100% [Working] Reading package lists... 0%Reading package lists... 0%Reading package lists... 0%Reading package lists... 2%Reading package lists... 2%Reading package lists... 4%Reading package lists... 4%Reading package lists... 5%Reading package lists... 5%Reading package lists... 5%Reading package lists... 5%Reading package lists... 5%Reading package lists... 5%Reading package lists... 6%Reading package lists... 6%Reading package lists... 20%Reading package lists... 30%Reading package lists... 30%Reading package lists... 42%Reading package lists... 42%Reading package lists... 53%Reading package lists... 53%Reading package lists... 54%Reading package lists... 54%Reading package lists... 54%Reading package lists... 54%Reading package lists... 54%Reading package lists... 54%Reading package lists... 54%Reading package lists... 58%Reading package lists... 58%Reading package lists... 60%Reading package lists... 60%Reading package lists... 63%Reading package lists... 63%Reading package lists... 68%Reading package lists... 68%Reading package lists... 69%Reading package lists... 69%Reading package lists... 72%Reading package lists... 72%Reading package lists... 74%Reading package lists... 74%Reading package lists... 76%Reading package lists... 76%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 81%Reading package lists... 81%Reading package lists... 82%Reading package lists... 82%Reading package lists... 85%Reading package lists... 85%Reading package lists... 88%Reading package lists... 91%Reading package lists... 91%Reading package lists... 91%Reading package lists... 91%Reading package lists... 94%Reading package lists... 94%Reading package lists... 96%Reading package lists... 96%Reading package lists... 97%Reading package lists... 97%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... DoneE: The repository 'https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/arter97/exfat-linux/ubuntu jammy Release' does not have a Release file.N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.[?2004h]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ sudo apt update[?2004l[33m0% [Working][0m Hit:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease[33m0% [Waiting for headers] onnecting to security.ubuntu.com (2620:2d:4002:1::10[0m Hit:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease[33m0% [Waiting for headers] onnecting to ppa.launchpadcontent.net (2620:2d:4000:[0m Hit:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease[33m0% [Waiting for headers] onnecting to ppa.launchpadcontent.net (2620:2d:4000:[0m Hit:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease[33m0% onnected to ppa.launchpadcontent.net (2620:2d:4000:1::81)] [Waiting for he[0m Get:5 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_14.x jammy InRelease [4,563 B][33m0% onnected to ppa.launchpadcontent.net (2620:2d:4000:1::81)] [5 InRelease 4,[0m[33m0% onnected to ppa.launchpadcontent.net (2620:2d:4000:1::81)] onnected to e[0m[33m 0% [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers][0m[33m0% [Waiting for headers] [Waiting for headers][0m Ign:6 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/arter97/exfat-linux/ubuntu jammy InRelease[33m 0% [Waiting for headers][0m Hit:7 https://esm.ubuntu.com/apps/ubuntu jammy-apps-security InRelease[33m0% [Waiting for headers][0m Err:8 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/arter97/exfat-linux/ubuntu jammy Release 404 Not Found [IP: 2620:2d:4000:1::81 443][33m0% [Waiting for headers][0m Hit:9 https://esm.ubuntu.com/apps/ubuntu jammy-apps-updates InRelease[33m 0% [Working][0m[33m0% [Waiting for headers][0m Hit:10 https://esm.ubuntu.com/infra/ubuntu jammy-infra-security InRelease[33m 0% [Working][0m Hit:11 https://esm.ubuntu.com/infra/ubuntu jammy-infra-updates InRelease[33m0% [Working][0m[33m0% [Working][0m[33m0% [Working][0m[33m0% [Working][0m[33m0% [Working][0m[33m0% [Working][0m[33m100% [Working][0m Reading package lists... 0%Reading package lists... 0%Reading package lists... 0%Reading package lists... 2%Reading package lists... 2%Reading package lists... 4%Reading package lists... 4%Reading package lists... 5%Reading package lists... 5%Reading package lists... 5%Reading package lists... 5%Reading package lists... 5%Reading package lists... 5%Reading package lists... 6%Reading package lists... 6%Reading package lists... 21%Reading package lists... 30%Reading package lists... 30%Reading package lists... 42%Reading package lists... 42%Reading package lists... 53%Reading package lists... 53%Reading package lists... 54%Reading package lists... 54%Reading package lists... 54%Reading package lists... 54%Reading package lists... 54%Reading package lists... 54%Reading package lists... 55%Reading package lists... 58%Reading package lists... 58%Reading package lists... 60%Reading package lists... 60%Reading package lists... 63%Reading package lists... 63%Reading package lists... 68%Reading package lists... 68%Reading package lists... 69%Reading package lists... 69%Reading package lists... 72%Reading package lists... 72%Reading package lists... 74%Reading package lists... 74%Reading package lists... 76%Reading package lists... 76%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 77%Reading package lists... 81%Reading package lists... 81%Reading package lists... 82%Reading package lists... 82%Reading package lists... 85%Reading package lists... 85%Reading package lists... 91%Reading package lists... 91%Reading package lists... 91%Reading package lists... 91%Reading package lists... 92%Reading package lists... 94%Reading package lists... 94%Reading package lists... 96%Reading package lists... 96%Reading package lists... 97%Reading package lists... 97%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... 98%Reading package lists... Done[1;31mE: [0mThe repository 'https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/arter97/exfat-linux/ubuntu jammy Release' does not have a Release file.[0m[33mN: [0mUpdating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.[0m[33mN: [0mSee apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.[0m[?2004h]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [7msudo apt install exfat-dkms[27msudo apt install exfat-dkms[?2004lReading package lists... 0%Reading package lists... 100%Reading package lists... DoneBuilding dependency tree... 0%Building dependency tree... 0%Building dependency tree... 50%Building dependency tree... 50%Building dependency tree... DoneReading state information... 0% Reading state information... 0%Reading state information... Done[1;31mE: [0mUnable to locate package exfat-dkms[0m[?2004h]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ sudo apt install exfat-dkms[12Pupdatedd-apt-repository ppa:arter97/exfat-linux[4Ppt-get install exfat-fuse exfat-utils[?2004lReading package lists... 0%Reading package lists... 100%Reading package lists... DoneBuilding dependency tree... 0%Building dependency tree... 0%Building dependency tree... 50%Building dependency tree... 50%Building dependency tree... DoneReading state information... 0% Reading state information... 0%Reading state information... DonePackage exfat-utils is not available, but is referred to by another package.This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, oris only available from another sourceE: Package 'exfat-utils' has no installation candidate[?2004h]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ sudo apt-get install exfat-fuse exfat-utils\\\\[K[K[K[K[K[K[K[K[K[K[K[K[K[K[K[K[K[K[K[Kprogs[?2004lReading package lists... 0%Reading package lists... 100%Reading package lists... DoneBuilding dependency tree... 0%Building dependency tree... 0%Building dependency tree... 50%Building dependency tree... 50%Building dependency tree... DoneReading state information... 0% Reading state information... 0%Reading state information... DoneE: Unable to locate package exfat-progs[?2004h]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ sudo apt-get install exfat-progs[1Pprogs[?2004lReading package lists... 0%Reading package lists... 100%Reading package lists... DoneBuilding dependency tree... 0%Building dependency tree... 0%Building dependency tree... 50%Building dependency tree... 50%Building dependency tree... DoneReading state information... 0% Reading state information... 0%Reading state information... DoneThe following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: libflashrom1 libftdi1-2 libllvm13Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.The following NEW packages will be installed: exfatprogs0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 5 not upgraded.Need to get 40.5 kB of archives.After this operation, 151 kB of additional disk space will be used.0% [Working] Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe amd64 exfatprogs amd64 1.1.3-1ubuntu0.1 [40.5 kB]2% [1 exfatprogs 1,138 B/40.5 kB 3%] 100% [Working] Fetched 40.5 kB in 0s (135 kB/s)Selecting previously unselected package exfatprogs.(Reading database ... (Reading database ... 5%(Reading database ... 10%(Reading database ... 15%(Reading database ... 20%(Reading database ... 25%(Reading database ... 30%(Reading database ... 35%(Reading database ... 40%(Reading database ... 45%(Reading database ... 50%(Reading database ... 55%(Reading database ... 60%(Reading database ... 65%(Reading database ... 70%(Reading database ... 75%(Reading database ... 80%(Reading database ... 85%(Reading database ... 90%(Reading database ... 95%(Reading database ... 100%(Reading database ... 265370 files and directories currently installed.)Preparing to unpack .../exfatprogs_1.1.3-1ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb ...Unpacking exfatprogs (1.1.3-1ubuntu0.1) ...Setting up exfatprogs (1.1.3-1ubuntu0.1) ...Processing triggers for man-db (2.10.2-1) ...[?2004h]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ df -k[?2004lFilesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted ontmpfs 3272708 3880 3268828 1% /run/dev/sda4 32948984 25453092 5789964 82% /tmpfs 16363528 348856 16014672 3% /dev/shmtmpfs 5120 4 5116 1% /run/lock/dev/sda6 35249 6192 29057 18% /boot/efi/dev/sda7 118162236 106767416 5346356 96% /hometmpfs 3272704 2588 3270116 1% /run/user/1001[?2004h]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ sudo gparrt[K[Kted[?2004l(gpartedbin:1649786): Gtk-[1;33mWARNING[0m **: [34m08:08:47.831[0m: cannot open display: [?2004h]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ [K]0;careyschug@OptiPlex-7050: ~[01;32mcareyschug@OptiPlex-7050[00m:[01;34m~[00m$ exit[?2004lexitScript done on 2024-10-23 08:19:50-05:00 OMMAND_EXIT_CODE="1"] --Carey
On Wed, Oct 23, 2024 at 08:58:21AM -0500, CAREY SCHUG via talk wrote:
I bought a 4 gb usb (spinning) disk.
I am going to assume that is a typo and you mean 4TB. I know I have messed that up many times.
it mounts fine on winblows 10
on ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS crickets.
I kind of think I have used other (smaller) exfat usb disks with no problems.
i went through several sets of instructions for installing exfat support, none did anything.
gparted shows it as all unallocated.
does that mean it has a different partiton table format? can I add that to ubuntu, or should I just allocate and format with gparted? (as what? seeking an answer for this)
Sometimes USB devices have no partitions and they just have a filesystem on the entire device. What does 'file /dev/sdc' (where sdc is whatever device it shows up as) say? If it shows it has a filesystem there, then it probably simply has no partitions and you mount the entire disk not a partition on the disk. Windows apparently isn't a fan of partitions on external USB drives, so often they don't have any, while others have just a single partition for the whole drive. -- Len Sorensen
Thank you. (wow, Lennart...univ of waterloo was a big pert in the early days of my first career, VM/370 and successors on mainframes) Yes, it appears to just be one big filesystem 1. why is GParted unwilling to recognize that? 2. is there some command I can do in gparted to recognize it? 3. why is Linux unwilling to recognize and mount it 4. is there something I can add to linux so that it will? 5. or recommendations for formatting in gparted so winblows and linux can both use this (I back up winblows user data to usb disks, some data going to linux, some going just to archive) <pre>--Carey</pre>
On 10/23/2024 10:33 AM CDT William Park via talk <talk@gtalug.org> wrote:
Yes, and I use the entire disk in my btrfs raid.
Try 'lsblk -f'. It will show if it's this or not. --
On 2024-10-23 10:24, Lennart Sorensen via talk wrote:
Sometimes USB devices have no partitions and they just have a filesystem on the entire device.
--- Post to this mailing list talk@gtalug.org Unsubscribe from this mailing list https://gtalug.org/mailman/listinfo/talk
On Wed, Oct 23, 2024 at 11:23 AM CAREY SCHUG via talk <talk@gtalug.org> wrote:
Thank you.
(wow, Lennart...univ of waterloo was a big pert in the early days of my first career, VM/370 and successors on mainframes)
Yes, it appears to just be one big filesystem
1. why is GParted unwilling to recognize that? 2. is there some command I can do in gparted to recognize it? 3. why is Linux unwilling to recognize and mount it 4. is there something I can add to linux so that it will? 5. or recommendations for formatting in gparted so winblows and linux can both use this (I back up winblows user data to usb disks, some data going to linux, some going just to archive)
Here's 'a' possible option. If its all one big partition - - - 1. shrink size of partition to whatever size you feel you need for your M$ partition (I add this step for security - - - - you do have a backup opf the M$ stuff - - - yes?) 2. boot into M$ win to confirm that everything is still working 3. go back to your (either of gparted run from another disk or your systemrescue dvd/usb stick) and do your partitioning (make sure you actually write those partitions) (you could also check here if you want to make sure the number and order of your partitions is the way you want it but that's optional (imo)) 4. Do your install (make sure to tell the installer software which partitions to use and whatnot (I use labels!!) 5. complete the rest of the install 6. double check after install is optional now if you aren't installing a new system then you will need to be telling your system which partitions mean what and how to use them. (That's something I don't know much about so I'll leave that for someone who does!) HTH
My apologies. I was not clear. Sorry you went to so much trouble for your long explanation. There is nothing on the disks. Years ago I had a fileserver, but it was less convenient than i expected (i would say save and exit, some issue would prevent the save, and the exit would still occur, so I lost all my changes, among other issues), so I basically only used it for backup, but also backed up onto usb disks. so when it died, I just left it. I am working towards a new file server. but the machine i bought has a graphics card not supported by linux. I bought another card but have not installed it yet. in the meantime I need to clear space, archive files off my linux desktop, and off my three winblows zoom computers, all to eventually go on the fileserver. I bought two disks (always need two copies of backup). Linux appeared to do nothing with them. One box was marked "usb case", so I feared I had gotten taken in by someone selling an empty case as if it was it contained a disk. They seemed to heavy to be empty, so I plugged them into one of my winblows computers, and they were fine. wasted days assuming I just needed to install (newer) exfat support on my linux desktop so I could move files from there onto them. I am still curious if there is a good reason for linux to NOT accept them when winblows will. are there linux distros that will? Will BSD or Solaris accept them? will Crapple? what if somebody filled one of those disks and gave it to me, would I be totally out of luck if I did not have a winblows system? even if linux itself would not automatically mount the disks, WHY THE F*CK won't GParted identify what they are? I consider that totally unacceptable. GParted should warn me, else I just go ahead and format them, wiping out gigabytes of data on them. If possible, I would like to format them in a way that it preserves some level of linux file ownership, permissions, etc., and still be useable from winblows. the files coming from winblows I don't care about, they are just downloads and zoom logs/videos. And the linux probably doesn't really matter, after loading them onto my future fileserver, I'll have to fix ownerships anyway (although preserving executability could be useful). I don't think it is important enough add the ability to read linux filesystems to winblows. so just create a partition table with one big partition, formatted exfat? Any easy alternatives that would give me some advantages? I come from a mainframe world, so still am confused by personal world. Maybe format the disks as exfat, and for general data files, just copy them, but for other backups, put them into tar files so they can come back out with file permissions? tar and compress? how much harder does that make it for me to retrieve something? as in put them in tar files but no bigger than 100 MB per file? and recommendations on which compression program? <pre>--Carey</pre>
On 10/23/2024 11:48 AM CDT o1bigtenor via talk <talk@gtalug.org> wrote:
On Wed, Oct 23, 2024 at 11:23 AM CAREY SCHUG via talk <talk@gtalug.org> wrote:
Thank you.
(wow, Lennart...univ of waterloo was a big pert in the early days of my first career, VM/370 and successors on mainframes)
Yes, it appears to just be one big filesystem
1. why is GParted unwilling to recognize that? 2. is there some command I can do in gparted to recognize it? 3. why is Linux unwilling to recognize and mount it 4. is there something I can add to linux so that it will? 5. or recommendations for formatting in gparted so winblows and linux can both use this (I back up winblows user data to usb disks, some data going to linux, some going just to archive)
Here's 'a' possible option. If its all one big partition - - - 1. shrink size of partition to whatever size you feel you need for your M$ partition (I add this step for security - - - - you do have a backup opf the M$ stuff - - - yes?) 2. boot into M$ win to confirm that everything is still working 3. go back to your (either of gparted run from another disk or your systemrescue dvd/usb stick) and do your partitioning (make sure you actually write those partitions) (you could also check here if you want to make sure the number and order of your partitions is the way you want it but that's optional (imo)) 4. Do your install (make sure to tell the installer software which partitions to use and whatnot (I use labels!!) 5. complete the rest of the install 6. double check after install is optional now if you aren't installing a new system then you will need to be telling your system which partitions mean what and how to use them. (That's something I don't know much about so I'll leave that for someone who does!)
HTH --- Post to this mailing list talk@gtalug.org Unsubscribe from this mailing list https://gtalug.org/mailman/listinfo/talk
even if linux itself would not automatically mount the disks, WHY THE F*CK won't GParted identify what they are? I consider that totally unacceptable. GParted should warn me, else I just go ahead and format them, wiping out gigabytes of data on them.
This is completely unacceptable. If there is a reason I do not want to work on open source it is this exact behavior. There are multiple reasons why gparted won't identify what they are 1. It may be a bug 2. It is a feature that it doesn't have a. It maybe because Microsoft Windows (not winblows) maybe doing something non standard b. It may be because that use case is not very common. People who tend to use Linux can easily fix it. Or maybe they always create a partition table. c. It may be on the developer's todo list, but there are other more pressing things for the developer. d.... Add multiple reasons you can imagine You have the ability to fix it. In my experience if a user reported an issue with a patch, I was very quick to review it, and if it needed minor fixes, work with them to get it in. However a user who is abusing me, and expecting me to listen to their abuse in my free time, no thank you. In fact, if you are the only user asking me for it, it just went to the bottom of my list. If it is that important to you, maybe you should be paying someone to enable that support for you. But this behavior. This is not acceptable, and as a community we should call it out. Dhaval
Linux do recognize and can mount it. You may have to edit /etc/fstab. -- On 2024-10-23 12:22, CAREY SCHUG wrote:
Thank you.
(wow, Lennart...univ of waterloo was a big pert in the early days of my first career, VM/370 and successors on mainframes)
Yes, it appears to just be one big filesystem
1. why is GParted unwilling to recognize that? 2. is there some command I can do in gparted to recognize it? 3. why is Linux unwilling to recognize and mount it 4. is there something I can add to linux so that it will? 5. or recommendations for formatting in gparted so winblows and linux can both use this (I back up winblows user data to usb disks, some data going to linux, some going just to archive)
<pre>--Carey</pre>
On 10/23/2024 10:33 AM CDT William Park via talk <talk@gtalug.org> wrote:
Yes, and I use the entire disk in my btrfs raid.
Try 'lsblk -f'. It will show if it's this or not. --
On 2024-10-23 10:24, Lennart Sorensen via talk wrote:
Sometimes USB devices have no partitions and they just have a filesystem on the entire device.
--- Post to this mailing list talk@gtalug.org Unsubscribe from this mailing list https://gtalug.org/mailman/listinfo/talk
If I have to edit fstab, it is not "recognizing" it. edit FSTAB EACH time, because it might not always go into the same port on the usb hub. and I want to use that hub for other storage too. winblows just recognizes it and mounts it. Don't we claim linux is better then winblows? not here it isn't. <pre>--Carey</pre>
On 10/23/2024 1:28 PM CDT William Park via talk <talk@gtalug.org> wrote:
Linux do recognize and can mount it. You may have to edit /etc/fstab. --
On 2024-10-23 12:22, CAREY SCHUG wrote:
Thank you.
...
Yes, it appears to just be one big filesystem
1. why is GParted unwilling to recognize that? 2. is there some command I can do in gparted to recognize it? 3. why is Linux unwilling to recognize and mount it 4. is there something I can add to linux so that it will? 5. or recommendations for formatting in gparted so winblows and linux can both use this (I back up winblows user data to usb disks, some data going to linux, some going just to archive)
<pre>--Carey</pre>
On 10/23/2024 10:33 AM CDT William Park via talk <talk@gtalug.org> wrote:
Yes, and I use the entire disk in my btrfs raid.
Try 'lsblk -f'. It will show if it's this or not. --
On 2024-10-23 10:24, Lennart Sorensen via talk wrote:
Sometimes USB devices have no partitions and they just have a filesystem on the entire device.
---
Reply is below quoted content. On Wednesday, October 23, 2024 4:29:10 P.M. EDT CAREY SCHUG via talk wrote:
If I have to edit fstab, it is not "recognizing" it.
edit FSTAB EACH time, because it might not always go into the same port on the usb hub. and I want to use that hub for other storage too.
winblows just recognizes it and mounts it. Don't we claim linux is better then winblows? not here it isn't.
You can use UUID for the fstab. Use the command `blkid /dev/sdc` (or whatever device it currently is) to find out them. Then you can write in fstab something like `UUID="xxxxx" /mnt/wherever`. The UUID is determined only by the superblock of the filesystem. As long as you do not re-format the drive, the UUID remains the same. Best regards, tusooa
ok, don't really like it. but thank you for a possible solution. but what am I doing wrong? careyschug@OptiPlex-7050:~$ file /dev/sde /dev/sde: block special (8/64) careyschug@OptiPlex-7050:~$ blkid /dev/sde careyschug@OptiPlex-7050:~$ sudo blkid /dev/sde [sudo] password for careyschug: careyschug@OptiPlex-7050:~$ file /dev/sde /dev/sde: block special (8/64) careyschug@OptiPlex-7050:~$ sudo blkid /dev/sde careyschug@OptiPlex-7050:~$ <pre>--Carey</pre>
On 10/23/2024 3:33 PM CDT tusooa via talk <talk@gtalug.org> wrote:
Reply is below quoted content.
On Wednesday, October 23, 2024 4:29:10 P.M. EDT CAREY SCHUG via talk wrote:
If I have to edit fstab, it is not "recognizing" it.
edit FSTAB EACH time, because it might not always go into the same port on the usb hub. and I want to use that hub for other storage too.
winblows just recognizes it and mounts it. Don't we claim linux is better then winblows? not here it isn't.
You can use UUID for the fstab. Use the command `blkid /dev/sdc` (or whatever device it currently is) to find out them. Then you can write in fstab something like `UUID="xxxxx" /mnt/wherever`. The UUID is determined only by the superblock of the filesystem. As long as you do not re-format the drive, the UUID remains the same.
Best regards, tusooa
--- Post to this mailing list talk@gtalug.org Unsubscribe from this mailing list https://gtalug.org/mailman/listinfo/talk
From: CAREY SCHUG via talk <talk@gtalug.org>
careyschug@OptiPlex-7050:~$ file /dev/sde /dev/sde: block special (8/64)
That tells you what /dev/sde is. You might also want to know what /dev/sde contains: file --special-files /dev/sde
careyschug@OptiPlex-7050:~$ blkid /dev/sde
Too bad that silently does nothing. I bet $? is zero too.
careyschug@OptiPlex-7050:~$ sudo blkid /dev/sde [sudo] password for careyschug:
That kind of suggests that there is no ID. Odd. I never use that command so my expectations are naive. How about sudo blkid --probe /dev/sde How about lsblk -f /dev/sde There is a chance that that only lists things that the kernel has analyzed. (Another command that I never use.)
On 2024-10-23 16:29, CAREY SCHUG via talk wrote:
If I have to edit fstab, it is not "recognizing" it.
edit FSTAB EACH time, because it might not always go into the same port on the usb hub. and I want to use that hub for other storage too.
winblows just recognizes it and mounts it. Don't we claim linux is better then winblows? not here it isn't.
MS Windows will mount MS file systems. It will not mount my ext4 or Reiser or BTRFS partitions. If you make proper partitions then create and label the filesystems they will appear by name when you plug the drive into a USB port. This of coarse depends on you running a full workstation kind of distribution and not some stripped down distro like OpenWRT. I don't think I have had to worry about the /dev/sdX position of a drive for years on my laptop or work station. -- Alvin Starr || land: (647)478-6285 Netvel Inc. || home: (905)513-7688 alvin@netvel.net ||
On Wed, Oct 23, 2024 at 11:22:48AM -0500, CAREY SCHUG wrote:
Thank you.
(wow, Lennart...univ of waterloo was a big pert in the early days of my first career, VM/370 and successors on mainframes)
Yeah I went there in the second half of the 90s and graduated in 2000. They still had the giant room from the old IBM but near the end they started to get rid of it to make more classroom space instead.
Yes, it appears to just be one big filesystem
1. why is GParted unwilling to recognize that?
It is a partition tool and you pointed it at something that is not partitioned. It is outside it's scope of work.
2. is there some command I can do in gparted to recognize it?
I doubt it.
3. why is Linux unwilling to recognize and mount it
I would expect you can mount it manually assuming your kernel is new enough to support the filesystem. I would expect this to work on any distribution made in the last 5 years or so: mount -t exfat /dev/sdc /mnt If you mean automount, well then that depends on which automount tool is being used. In fact one problem could be that it might not have loaded the exfat module and hence doesn't automatically recognize the filesystem. It that is the only problem, adding exfat to list of modules to load at boot would help. There should be something like /etc/modules-load.d/ or similar for a place to put modules to load.
4. is there something I can add to linux so that it will? 5. or recommendations for formatting in gparted so winblows and linux can both use this (I back up winblows user data to usb disks, some data going to linux, some going just to archive)
If you set it up with a single partition both should be happy to recognize it, as long as you use a filesystem both support. exfat is probably the one normally used for large drives these days. I think I tend to use NTFS on large drives out of old habits, and the linux support for NTFS usually seems fine too. -- Len Sorensen
OK, my USB spinning disk formatted exfat with no partition table needs to be reformatted. I include quotes of my web searches in case anybody feels they gave me flawed results. Preview question: NB, I am considering some flavor of Solaris for my future fileserver, so the ability to read and if possible write (for backups) from there is a requirement. subsequent queries specifically for writing seemed to confuse solaris with linux.... AI Overview … Yes, Solaris can read exFAT and NTFS file systems: ------------------------------------------------------ Two questions, partition table (1) and filesystem (2) 1. When I first looked, I only saw GPT vs MBR partition tables, now I found many: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/289389/what-are-the-differences-bet... The options correspond to the various partitioning systems supported in libparted http://www.gnu.org/software/parted/; there's not much documentation https://www.gnu.org/software/parted/manual/html_node/mklabel.html#mklabel, but looking at the source code http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/parted.git/tree/libparted/labels: * o aix provides support for the volumes used in IBM’s AIX (which introduced what we now know as LVM); o amiga provides support for the Amiga’s RDB partitioning scheme; o bsd provides support for BSD disk labels; o dvh provides support for SGI disk volume headers; o gpt provides support for GUID partition tables; o mac provides support for old (pre-GPT) Apple partition tables; o msdos provides support for DOS-style MBR partition tables; o pc98 provides support for PC-98 http://people.freebsd.org/~kato/pc98.html partition tables; o sun provides support for Sun’s partitioning scheme; o loop provides support for raw disk access (loopback-style) — I’m not sure about the uses for this one. As you can see, the majority of these are for older systems, and you probably won’t need to create a partition table of any type other than gpt or msdos. For a new disk, I recommend gpt: it allows more partitions, it can be booted even in pre-UEFI systems (using grub), and supports disks larger than 2 TiB (up to 8 ZiB for 512-byte sector disks). Actually, if you don’t need to boot from the disk, I’d recommend not using a partitioning scheme at all and simply adding the whole disk to mdadm, LVM, or a zpool, depending on whether you use LVM (on top of mdadm or not) or ZFS. Huh? OK, probably not for a USB disk, but what is this about mdam? My next project (and why I need these disks to clear and move files) is creating a software raid fileserver, so will need to understand this Since these are 4 TB disks, gpt it is?. Unrelated bonus question: i had thought sun WAS the same as gpt, are they close to being the same? I remember that sun put a fingerprint on raid drives, physically move them around and it would recognize them wherever they appeared, and if one re-appeared was automatically resynced, is that unique to sun, or is that a unix programming function? 2. what filesystem? am I confused, is exfat older than ntfs? AI Overview Learn more … NTFS and exFAT are both file systems with different characteristics, including: Compatibility NTFS is only read-only on a Mac, while exFAT has read/write compatibility with macOS. ExFAT is also more broadly compatible than NTFS, and works with all versions of Windows and modern versions of macOS. File size exFAT has a maximum file size of 128 petabytes, while NTFS is designed to perform well on very large hard disks. Features NTFS includes features like access control lists (ACLs), filesystem encryption, transparent compression, and volume shadow copy. exFAT lacks some of the newer features of NTFS, like journaling and encryption. Speed When using an external drive system, exFAT may be the faster option than NTFS. Use cases NTFS is better for internal drive file systems, while exFAT is better for external drives and storing and writing larger files on multiple devices. Storage devices exFAT is optimized for flash drives, and is the default file system for SDXC and SDUC cards larger than 32 GB. so, exFAT? I think I used NTFS in the past when I wanted to share a partition between windows and linux (for a dual boot system). While I don't expect to ever need access from IOS, it might be better for that reason too. Not FAT32 because of a file size limit of 4 GB, potentially smaller than a DVD image. do either or both retain the linux read/write/execute permissions, even partially (since ownership is hard to maintain across systems)? or some other filesystem that fulfills my other requirements? --Carey, Mainframe ex-pat...
CAREY SCHUG via talk said on Sat, 26 Oct 2024 11:26:39 -0500 (CDT)
Preview question: NB, I am considering some flavor of Solaris for my future fileserver,
Be careful Carey. I briefly installed and experimented with OpenSolaris somewhere around 2005. It was very nice except for one thing: It was sloooowwwwww. I don't mean 10% slower than Linux. I mean annoyingly, frustratingly, hair tearingly slow. Slower than windows. Slower than CPM on my Kaypro 2x with 64K RAM and dual floppies. Of course, almost 2 decades have passed, and it's possible, perhaps likely, that today's OpenIndiana doesn't have this speed problem. But be sure to check for speed problems early in your evaluation. SteveT Steve Litt http://444domains.com
On 10/27/24 15:28, Steve Litt via talk wrote:
CAREY SCHUG via talk said on Sat, 26 Oct 2024 11:26:39 -0500 (CDT)
Preview question: NB, I am considering some flavor of Solaris for my future fileserver, Be careful Carey. I briefly installed and experimented with OpenSolaris somewhere around 2005. It was very nice except for one thing: It was sloooowwwwww. I don't mean 10% slower than Linux. I mean annoyingly, frustratingly, hair tearingly slow.
Yes: there was "Project Slowlaris" around then, to deal with some stuff that was painfully slow on the x86 hardware. I ran a SPARC laptop, but my backup machine at home was an x86, and performed well running Solaris 10. About later version, I have no opinion. --dave -- David Collier-Brown, | Always do right. This will gratify System Programmer and Author | some people and astonish the rest davecb@spamcop.net | -- Mark Twain
participants (10)
-
Alvin Starr -
CAREY SCHUG -
D. Hugh Redelmeier -
David Collier-Brown -
Dhaval Giani -
Lennart Sorensen -
o1bigtenor -
Steve Litt -
tusooa -
William Park