Greetings, Since GPU programming keeps coming it may be of use to try one of three things, I can help out with two of them but the other I'm unfortunately of little help. Sorry if this rather long. The ones I can help with are: 1. I've a contact in the LLVM backend/Mesa team out in Germany if I recall the location, who can answer questions depending on what they are from both the AMD side, LLVM and Mesa side. If people give me a list of questions I can try and get 2-5 answered. 2. In my notes from the LLVM talk in December I mentioned what a backend is for compilers. In general its the tuning for each CPU/GPU specific optimizations. The LLVM backends have one for AMD GPUs called AMPGPU or something similar. I can poke around it and see if there is anything in terms of interesting differences between that and the standard backends for microprocessors. From memory, GPUs use kernels in hardware and its mentioned in the ISA docs linked in etherpad what those are. Not sure about about what optimizations the back end makes around those. It may give people an idea of what is entailed in getting out something like SysCL or other GPU programming libraries,implementations and frameworks. Not to mention some of the challenges with it. The other one that may be of more help is trying to find something who works on the LLVM GPU backends or Mesa directly locally in the GTA. They would be much better at answering the current state of the GPU programming space then me. Unfortunately I'm of little help here but that's who I would try to find locally. Due to the fragmentation issues that may be the best idea, as all of the GPU programming implementations seem to be in one of or mostly focused on one of three areas: 1. Pipeline optimizations in rendering i.e. Vulcan or Metal mostly video games or other things that want stable pipelines rather than ones that are dynamic in nature for performance reasons. 2. AI a or other HPC computing seems SysCL, Cuda and maybe TensorFlow are here 3. GPU Offloading in terms of second tier specific computation Sometimes they overlap. Frankly I've not sure a) what people want and b) which are of the most use are going forward being the most implemented since last I checked. Maybe that helps people figure out the GPU space better a little as it's always seem to me to be overly complex than it really had to either due to fragmentation, or other things as Hugh pointed out, Nick -- Fundamentally an organism has conscious mental states if and only if there is something that it is like to be that organism--something it is like for the organism. - Thomas Nagel