This *appears* to be fixed. The dialog I used wasn't located in any place where you would normally find the settings. 1. I clicked Audio Production | Mixers and card control | PulseAudio volume control 2. Under the configuration tab, I noticed HDMI sound was "unplugged". I don't think I was using HDMI for sound, so didn't worry about it. Below that, was a setting for "Built-in Stereo", which I set to "Analog stereo" in the dropdown. I have conventional speakers hooked up to the sound with conventional eighth-inch jacks. I wasn't sure what passed for "analog" since I thought all sound was digital on a computer. It turned out to be a lucky guess for me. 3. I set analog as the fallback device. 4. There was another tab I clicked where I had to select "analog stereo" as an output setting. I am not on Linux now, so I can't recall the tab, but I believe it was the "Output devices" tab. Thanks for everyone's help. I don't know if the changes are made permanent in any way, since I would have to reboot into linux to know for sure. Paul King